The issue transitions from host-directed articles to those that are focused on some of the most important infectious pathogens, syndromes, and problems. This subject is discussed in depth in the article by Michaels and Green. Children represent a special population when considering transplant ID, as their underlying diseases and infectious exposures are different than in adults, dictating variance in epidemiology and outcomes. Immunologic agents and infectious complications associated with these increasingly used biologic therapies are covered in the article by Koo and coworkers, who not only cover the appreciated (reported) infectious risks to date but also provide an exhaustive listing of the current repertoire of monoclonal antibodies and other biologics. Knowledge of the hosts and immunologic risks is requisite in the approach to transplant IDs, and these 2 articles cover these broad topics expertly. The volume starts with reviews of the host and basic transplant practices, covered by Wingard and colleagues (HSCT) and by Fishman and Issa (SOT).
Its mission is to provide a comprehensive, updated review of important areas in this dynamically evolving field. This volume of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America is focused on this specialized population. Transplant and oncology, similar to HIV medicine, require a detailed understanding of the host, with a multidisciplinary background thus, specialized programs within ID divisions, societies, and new journals have resulted, fostering a focused academic and clinical development. This field is distinguished within the subspecialty not only by the broad differential of infectious and noninfectious syndromes specific to these populations but also by an increased attention to preventive practices in guiding the approach to anti-infective therapies. These changes have led to the development of a new field within infectious diseases, focused specifically on the care of transplant and oncology patients. Not only have groups of organisms, such as herpesviruses and opportunistic fungi, gained prominence largely as a result of transplant-related immunosuppression but also transplant and oncology patients now serve as the sentinel for recognition of new pathogens, such as arenaviruses. The approach to treating organ failure and oncologic disorders has evolved rapidly and continues to change.Ĭhanges in transplantation and oncology have driven changes in immunity in the general population and the hospitalized population, leading ultimately to changes in infectious diseases (IDs). In the 2 decades since then, treatment of oncologic disorders has evolved, with therapies ranging from cytotoxic drugs to more targeted therapies the importance of new contributions was underscored in October 2009, with modern pioneers (Brian Druker, Nicholas Lydon, and Charles Sawyers) winning the Lasker Awards for discovery of novel targeted therapies for chronic myeloid leukemia. Donnall Thomas-won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1990. For discoveries of transplantation, the two pioneers-Dr Joseph Murray and Dr E. Transplantation represents one of the true modern advances in medicine, presenting new and effective treatments for organ and bone marrow failure and neoplastic disorders.
The 50-year anniversaries of solid organ transplantation (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have recently been celebrated.
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